Wild Bird Wednesday 717 - Grey Francolin

The Grey Francolin (Ortygornis pondicerianus) is a bird the resembles a partridge, and has a convoluted and difficult taxonomic history.  Many studies have been made of the relationship of species of Francolin  to each other and to other 'game birds'.  It's probably beyond the scope of this post, and definitely outside the scope of my understanding to clearly explain this aspect of Grey Francolin's biology!

The Grey Francolin is a medium-sized Francolin, with males averaging around 30 cm and females being a little smaller, it is barred throughout and the face is pale with a thin, black border to the pale throat. 

The Grey Francolin is a ground dwelling bird and is normally found in bare or low grass-covered areas of scrub and open country.  The Grey Francolin is widespread in south Asia.  The majority of times I saw this birds in India, they were feeding in the vegetation by the sides of roads.  Of course, those observations are biased by the fact we spent a lot of time birding from vehicles!  But it was clear that this species seemed to like open, sparse areas.

As ever, to join in with WBW click on the link below.  Cheers. SM

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Wild Bird Wednesday 716 - Ibisbill

The Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii) is a form of wader with a rather uncertain set of relationships to other wading birds.  It has a huge range, covering the high plateaux of central Asia and the Himalayas where it can be found on shingle riverbanks.  The Ibisbill breeds across southern Central Asia along these stony riverbeds typically between 1,700 and 4,400 m.  They are a rare breeding bird in India.

It is rare in India, and we were fortunate to get great views of a single bird.  As can be seen from the pictures (and this is noted in many field guides) that this bird is both striking and extremely well camouflaged.  It does not take much distance to be put between you and this bird before it simply blends into the rocky rivers on which it lives, and basically disappear from view.  I am even tempted to think that the dark chest band has evolved to mimic the dark shadows that form around the edges of the rocks in its habitat.

For all its rarity, this bird was feeding directly across the river from a group of women who were washing clothes.  It was only a far more intrusive group of bird watchers who seemed to elevate its stress levels a little (but not elevate them too much I hope)

The Ibisbill is about 38–41 cm long and is quite unmistakable given both its appearance and its choice of habitat. The adult is grey with a white belly, a crimson, long down-curved bill, a black face and a black breast band. The sexes are similar.

This species feeds on aquatic invertebrates and we watched it probing for food and turning over small rocks and pebbles.

In the way it behaved, it sort of looked like a wader trying to be a Dipper!  

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Mammals on Monday 16 - Five-Striped Palm Squirrel

The Five-Striped or Northern Palm Squirrel (Funambulus pennantii) is an abundant small rodent found in the Northern areas of India.  I suspect we saw it almost every day during my recent trip.  

Those lucky few (!) who have traveled with me in areas that posses squirrels will already know that I am very fond of then, even when they are abundant.  So it will be know surprise to find out that I really enjoyed watching them, and was even distracted by them when other, somewhat rarer wildlife was about!

The Five-Striped Palm Squirrel are typically 225 to 400mm long (including their tail) and weigh between  60 and 200g. They are excellent climbers and in a should be described as deeply good value!

Strangely, I have just discovered that there are some feral populations of this species in Australia, and are considered a pest here as a result.

Hope all is well, and may your week be filled with squirrels!

SM

Wild Bird Wednesday 715 - Red-Billed Blue Magpie

To say that the Red-Billed Blue Magpie (Urocissa erythroryncha) is a spectacular bird is a bit on an understatement.

The head, neck, and chest are black with blue and white spotting on the crown. The shoulders and rump are a duller violet-blue, and the underparts are a greyish cream. The long tail is a brighter violet-blue with a broad, white tip. The bill is a bright orange-red, as are the legs and feet.

The body of the bird is about the same size as an Eurasian Magpie - but has a significantly longer tail.  This species is found in a broad area of Northern India, and extends into South East Asia and China.

These individuals - which provided the best opportunity to photograph this species during my Indian trip - were seen from the hide at the Birders Den in Sattal in Uttarakhand.

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Cheers and best wishes to all of you.  SM

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Mammals on Monday 15 - Indian Elephant

The India Elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) is one of the three known subspecies of Asian Elephant. Although its name suggests this sub-species would only be found on the Indian subcontinent, populations also exist in South East Asia and China.  The other two subspecies of Asian Elephant are found in Sri Lanka and on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.

There are two species African Elephants (genus Loxodonta) and they are both larger than Asian Elephants.  The ears of African Elephants are massive, while Asian elephants have smaller, rounded ears. Another distinguishing feature is head shape - African Elephants have a rounded head with a single dome, while Asian elephants have a twin-domed head with a depression between these domes. There are also differences in the structure of the tip of trunk between the two species.

The species shows significant sexual dimorphism (this means that males and females have different sets of features above and beyond those of the reproductive system). Males reach an average shoulder height of about 2.75 m and a weight of up to 4,000 kg. Females reach an average shoulder height of about 2.4 m and a weigh of up to 2,700 kg.

Only male Asian elephants have prominent tusks, whereas both sexes of African Elephants have large tusks.  Interestingly, the animal in these pictures was identified as a male by our guides, but it only has very small tusks.   Males with small tusks are known as 'Makhnas' - and this form of the male elephant is becoming more common in India as the males with large tusks - known as 'Tuskers' are selectively removed from the population by ivory poaching.  The Makhnas are of little interest to ivory poachers, so they survive to reproduce, and pass on the 'small tusk' genes to their offspring.   

We saw this elephant in the Jim Corbett National Park which is in Northern India, relatively close to the Nepalese boarder.  The park was established in 1936 as Indias first national park and covers an area of 520.8 km^2.  There are thought to be over 1000 elephants in this park.  

We had encountered an elephant hiding in the bushes (!) the day before, but we had only been able to see small parts of its trunk and head through the branches.  The animal in the picture walked between the small convoy of 'Gypsy' (that's a brand name) four wheel drives we were in, and started to walk along the road in the same direction as we were travelling.  This meant that 90% of the views I saw were of an elephants rear!  Oh well.

What a remarkable animal.  And just for clarification, this is a wild animal.

Hope all is well.  Cheers  SM